LiDAR Technology

LiDAR technology (LiDAR) is a brand-new remote sensing technology. Because of its high precision and efficiency, it has been rapidly developed in topographic surveying and mapping. There are currently nearly 20 sets of LiDAR systems in China. LiDAR Airborne LiDAR is a technology that actively conducts three-dimensional direct observation and measurement of the ground, so we can use it to work day and night. With the development and improvement of computer technology, GPS, and its technology, airborne LiDAR has received more and more attention in recent years.

The working principle of LiDAR is very similar to radar. The pulsed laser emitted by the laser is incident on the ground from the air, hitting trees, roads, bridges, and houses, causing scattering. Part of the light waves will be reflected to the LiDAR receiver. The receiver is usually a photomultiplier tube or a photoelectrode tube, which converts optical signals into electrical signals and records them. At the same time, the equipped timer records the time from emission to reception of the same pulsed light signal.

The receiving system of the direct detection LiDAR receives the signal sent by the transmitting system. According to this principle, it can be used for distance measurement, and the distance is calculated from the propagation time of the signal. According to the working mode, laser radar can be divided into pulse laser radar and continuous-wave laser radar. According to the different detection technology, it can be divided into direct detection laser radar and coherent detection laser radar. According to the scope of application, it can be divided into range measurement laser radar (Weapon experiment measurement), fire control LiDAR (control firing weapons to automatically implement aiming and launch) tracking and recognition LiDAR (guidance, reconnaissance, early warning, underwater target detection), LiDAR guidance (spacecraft meeting and docking, obstacle avoidance), atmospheric measurement LiDAR (cloud height, atmospheric visibility, wind speed, composition and content of substances in the atmosphere). LiDAR is mainly used in tracking, imaging guidance, three-dimensional vision system, wind measurement, atmospheric environment monitoring, active remote sensing, and other directions.

Application of LiDAR

LiDAR technology has become a strategic technology for all countries to rejuvenate the country. In China, LiDAR technology has also made breakthroughs in recent years, such as the multi-channel developed by the Laser Engineering Technology Research Office of the Fifth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation 508 The photon counting system LiDAR principle prototype has recently completed day and night field tests, marking a new level of laser detection technology in my country. Recently, the development of synthetic aperture LiDAR SAL technology may enable humans to have “clairvoyance” capabilities. The realization of this technology is also a great breakthrough.